Arts and Crafts movement was a period where designers rejected industrialization and promoted craft as an art form. The followers of the Arts and Craft movement felt machine produced goods had a harmful effect on environmental and social conditions as well as the quality of the goods themselves.

The Art Nouveau Movement was an ornamental design style that was inspired by Japanese woodcut prints, ukiyo-e. This movement did not reject mechanized manufacturing as the Arts and Crafts movement did rather it reacted to industrialization by promoting artistic express through decorative aesthetics in all things, leading to the development of the poster as a legitimate art form. (Miller) The Art Nouveau movement demonstrated changes in the public’s notions of ideal femininity as well.

Named after the International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts held in Paris in 1925, the Art Deco Movement emerged following World War I (1914-1918). Art Deco is a culmination of modern design styles that include Art Nouveau, Cubism, Futurism, and Constructivism. . It marked a time of optimism after World War I and looked towards the future with the hope of progress.

The Psychedelic Aesthetic of the 1960s ushered in significant cultural changes by advocating for an egalitarian society free from discrimination. The rejection of social norms in the 60s created several counterculture groups that addressed controversial social issues from civil rights, the Vietnam War, nuclear proliferation, and the environment to drug use, sexual freedom, and nonconformity.